Threshold
The strength below which a stimulus is not felt at all. Fechner called sensations above the threshold conscious, and gave those below it negative values as unconscious sensations.
In Fechner's formula a stimulus weaker than the threshold gives a sensation with a negative value. He treated these as unconscious sensations, and called sensations above the threshold conscious[1].
Measuring a threshold asks very little of the subject: felt or not, different or not. Nobody has to describe the content of anything. Fechner ran experiments of this kind on lifted weights, brightness and distances[2]. The boundary between what is conscious and what is not became one of the first quantities psychology could handle as a number.
Related terms
- PsychophysicsThe study, in numbers, of how the strength of a stimulus relates to the strength of the sensation it produces. Gustav Fechner founded it in his Elemente der Psychophysik of 1860.
Sources
- G. T. Fechner (transl. H. S. Langfeld), “Elemente der Psychophysik, sections VII and XVI, in B. Rand (ed.), The Classical Psychologists (1912), pp. 562–572,” Leipzig: Breitkopf und Härtel (1860).
- R. H. Wozniak, “Introduction to Elemente der Psychophysik, Gustav Theodor Fechner (1860),” Classics in Psychology, 1855–1914: Historical Essays (Bristol: Thoemmes Press) (1999).